Biografi RA Kartini
One of very
famous female figures in Indonesia is Raden Ajeng Kartini. She is also commonly
known as R.A Kartini.
She is known
as one of the national hero determined to fight for the emancipation of women.
R.A Kartini
was born on April 21st 1879 in Jepara. Since the
number of services and struggle for people of Indonesia, the day of her birth
was celebrated as Kartini Day.
Kartini was
born in a noble family so she earned R.A (Raden Ajeng) in front of her name.
According to Javanese tradition the title used before she got married, while
after marriage then knighted used is R.A (Raden Ayu).
Her father
named R.M. Sosroningrat is a son of Prince Ario Tjondronegoro IV. At that time,
Kartini’s father was a regent in Jepara and an honorable man.
Kartini’s
mother named M.A. Ngasirah was the son of ‘Kyai’ / religion
teacher in Telukawur, Jepara. She was not highborn, but just ordinary people.
That’s what
makes R.A Kartini must have a stepmother. This is because the Dutch colonial
rule requires a regent married to noblesse.
Finally
Kartini’s father then married a descendant of Madura’s King noblewoman named
Raden Adjeng Woerjan.
R.A Kartini
was the fifth of 11 siblings, consisting of siblings and half-brother.
Nevertheless, she was the oldest of her sisters.
As derived
from the offspring of nobility, Kartini is entitled to receive a decent
education. Then, her father sent her to ELS (Europese Lagere School).
According to
Javanese tradition, after the 12 years old, the child should be ‘dipingit‘
(living at home), is no exception for R.A Kartini. However, although she was at
home, she still continues to learn.
Her lofty
ideals are eager to see the indigenous women can study and learn as today.
New ideas
about emancipation or equality of indigenous women by her, considered a novelty
that can change society’s views.
In addition,
her writings also contain about the significance of belief, wisdom and beauty,
humanity and nationalism.
Not only
that, she also touched on religion, for example, she questioned why a man may
practice polygamy, why the holy book should be read and memorized without
obligation to understand, and more.
After
becoming adult moman, then in 1903 R.A Kartini married a regent of Rembang City
named K.R.M. Duke Ario Singgih Djojo Adhiningrat. Although many historians say
that the wedding is the insistence of her parents.
Most people estimate at the time of marriage, Kartini
R.A still wants to live freely. But in order to make the hearts of parents
happy and proud, she prefers to follow the wishes of her parents.
While it is
like other destiny. Exactly a year after getting married, she must be in the
call by the God (25 years old). Note before she died, she had a son named R.M
Soesalit Djojoadhiningrat.
RA Kartini’s
Books
- Aku Mau … Feminisme dan Nasionalisme. Surat-surat Kartini kepada
Stella Zeehandelaar 1899-1903.
- Habis Gelap Terbitlah Terang
- Kartini Surat-surat kepada Ny RM Abendanon-Mandri dan suaminya
- Letters from Kartini, An Indonesian Feminist 1900-1904
- Panggil Aku Kartini Saja (Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer)
- Surat-surat Kartini, Renungan Tentang dan Untuk Bangsanya
The Brief Biography of RA Kartini in
English
Full Name: Raden Ajeng Kartini
Other Names: Raden Ayu Kartini, RA Kartini
Date of
Birth: April
21th 1879
Zodiac: Taurus
Place of
Birth: Dutch
Flag Jepara, Central Java, the Indies
Date of
Death: September
17th 1904
Points Died: Rembang, Central Java, the
Indies
Died Age: 25 Years
Known for: The Emancipation of Women
Nationality: Indonesia
Religion: Islam
Husband: K.R.M. Duke Ario Singgih Djojo
Adhiningrat
Children: R.M Soesalit Djojoadhiningrat
Grandchildren: RM. Boedi Setiyo Soesalit
Great-grandchildren: RA. Kartini Setiawati
Soesalit, RM. Kartono Boediman Soesalit, Soesalit Roekmini RA, RM. Samingoen
Bawadiman Soesalit, and RM. Rahmat Harjanto Soesalit.
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